Phapang lipakeng tsa libeteri tsa nickel-metal hydride, nickel-cadmium le libeteri tsa lithium

Libetri tsa NiMH

Libetri tsa nickel-metal hydride li entsoe ka li-ion tsa hydrogen le nickel ea tšepe.Li na le 30% ea polokelo ea matla ho feta libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium, li bobebe ho feta libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium, 'me li na le bophelo bo bolelele ba ts'ebeletso.Li na le tikoloho ebile ha li na phello ea mohopolo.Bothata ba libeteri tsa nickel-metal hydride ke hore theko ea libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium e theko e boima haholo, 'me tshebetso e mpe ho feta ea libeteri tsa lithium.

Betri ea lithium Ion

Betri e matla haholo e entsoeng kalibeteri tsa lithium-ion. Betri ea lithium-ione boetse ke mofuta oabetri e bohlale, e ka sebelisana le tjhaja e khethehileng ea mantlha e bohlale ho fihlela nako e khuts'oane ea ho tjhaja, nako e telele ka ho fetesisa ea bophelo le bokhoni bo boholo.Betri ea lithium-ionha joale ke betri e ntle ka ho fetisisa.Ha e bapisoa le libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium le libeteri tsa nickel-hydrogen tsa boholo bo lekanang, e na le polokelo ea matla e kholo ka ho fetisisa, boima bo bobebe, bophelo bo bolelele ka ho fetesisa, nako e khuts'oane ea ho tjhaja, 'me ha e na matla a ho hopola.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea libeteri tse nchafatsoang: li-lead-acid le libeteri tsa alkaline.Libetri tsa nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) le lithium-ion (Li-Ion) tse sebelisoang hajoale ke libeteri tsa alkaline kaofela.

NiMH betri positive plate material ke NiOOH, negative plate material is hydrogen-absorbing alloy.Hangata electrolyte ke 30% ea tharollo ea metsi ea KOH, 'me ho kenyelletsoa palo e nyenyane ea NiOH.Diaphragm e entsoe ka lesela la vinylon le nang le porous kapa lesela le sa lohiloeng la nylon.Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea libeteri tsa NiMH: cylindrical le square.

Libetri tsa NiMH li na le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa ho ntša mocheso o tlase.Esita le ka mocheso o tloaelehileng oa -20 ° C, ho sebelisa motlakase o moholo (ka tekanyo ea ho ntša mocheso oa 1C) ho tsoa, ​​motlakase o felisitsoeng o ka fihla ho feta 85% ea matla a lebitso.Leha ho le joalo, ha libeteri tsa NiMH li le mocheso o phahameng (ka holimo + 40 ° C), matla a polokelo a tla theoha ka 5-10%.Tahlehelo ea matla e bakoang ke ho itšehla thajana (e phahameng mocheso, tekanyo e kholo ea ho itšehla thajana) e ka khutlisetsoa morao, 'me matla a mangata a ka khutlisetsoa ho li-cycle tse seng kae tsa ho ntša tefiso.Matla a potoloho a bulehileng a betri ea NiMH ke 1.2V, e ts'oanang le betri ea NiCd.

Ts'ebetso ea ho tjhaja betri ea NiCd/NiMH e ts'oana haholo, e hloka ho tjhaja kamehla.Phapang pakeng tsa tse peli e haholo-holo mokhoa oa ho lemoha ho emisa ho tjhaja ka potlako ho thibela betri ho tjhaja ho feta tekano.Chaja e sebetsa kamehla ho tjhaja betri, mme ka nako e ts'oanang e lemoha matla a betri le liparamente tse ling.Ha matla a betri a nyoloha butle 'me a fihla boemong bo phahameng haholo, ho tjhaja ka potlako ha betri ea NiMH ho emisoa, ha betri ea NiCd e emisa ho tjhaja kapele ha motlakase o theoha ka -△V lekgetlo la pele.Ho qoba tšenyo ea betri, ho tjhaja ka potlako ho ke ke ha qalisoa ha mocheso oa betri o le tlase haholo.Ha mocheso oa betri Tmin o le ka tlase ho 10°C, mokhoa oa ho tjhaja o lokela ho fetolwa.Hang ha mocheso oa betri o fihla ho boleng bo boletsoeng, ho tjhaja ho tlameha ho emisoa hang-hang.

Libetri tsa nickel-cadmium

Lintho tse sebetsang holim'a poleiti e ntle ea betri ea nickel-cadmium NiCd e entsoe ka phofo ea nickel oxide le phofo ea graphite.Graphite ha e kenye letsoho liketsong tsa lik'hemik'hale, 'me mosebetsi oa eona o ka sehloohong ke ho ntlafatsa conductivity.Lintho tse sebetsang holim'a poleiti e mpe li entsoe ka phofo ea cadmium oxide le phofo ea tšepe ea tšepe.Mosebetsi oa phofo ea iron oxide ke ho etsa hore phofo ea cadmium oxide e be le diffusibility e phahameng, ho thibela ho kopana, le ho eketsa bokhoni ba poleiti ea electrode.Lisebelisoa tse sebetsang ka ho latellana li phuthetsoe ka likhoele tsa tšepe tse nang le perforated, tse fetohang lipoleiti tse ntle le tse mpe tsa betri ka mor'a ho etsoa ka khatiso.Lipoleiti tsa polar li arotsoe ka lithupa tse thibelang rabara tse thata tse hananang le alkali kapa mapolanka a masenke a polyvinyl chloride a perforated.Hangata, electrolyte ke tharollo ea potassium hydroxide.Ha ho bapisoa le libeteri tse ling, sekhahla sa ho itšehla thajana sa libeteri tsa NiCd (ke hore, sekhahla seo betri e lahleheloang ke tjhaji ha e sa sebelisoe) se itekanetse.Nakong ea tšebeliso ea libeteri tsa NiCd, haeba li sa ntšoe ka ho feletseng, li tla tsosolosoa, 'me nakong e tlang ha li lokolloa, li ke ke tsa khona ho ntša matla ohle a tsona.Mohlala, haeba 80% ea betri e tsoa 'me e tjhajiloe ka botlalo, betri e ka ntša 80% feela ea betri.Sena ke seo ho thoeng ke phello ea memori.Ehlile, lipotoloho tse 'maloa tse felletseng tsa ho lahla / ho tjhaja li tla khutlisetsa betri ea NiCd ts'ebetsong e tloaelehileng.Ka lebaka la phello ea mohopolo oa libeteri tsa NiCd, haeba li sa tsoa ka botlalo, betere e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e lokela ho tsoa ka tlase ho 1V pele e tjhaja.